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A Glossary of Organic Chemistry An organic compound contains carbon and hydrogen atoms. In organic chemistry, these compounds can be further classified depending on their physical properties. In general, there are four types of classifications: simple molecules, polymers, macromolecules, or functional groups. In organic chemistry, the study of organic compounds is known as organic chemistry. Organic compounds are grouped into different categories based on their physical and chemical properties. Inorganic compounds do not contain carbon and are not classified as organic compounds. Organic chemistry can be divided into several branches based on its classification of organic compounds: The following is a glossary of terms used in organic chemistry. For a list of chemical elements in alphabetical order, see list of elements (data page). For an explanation of basic scientific terms used in chemistry see Glossary of scientific terms . A chemical compound is a pure chemical substance consisting of one or more different types of atoms held together in fixed proportion and in fixed ratio. Each atom in a chemical compound is considered to be covalently bonded to the other constituent atoms, each of which has a valence (share of bonded electrons) equal to the atomic number. In most cases, the compound consists of only small proportions of non-carbon atoms. An organic molecule can also be described as any large molecule that contains covalent bonds between carbon atoms and typically any other atom. The three key features that define an organic compound are carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms. Practically all organic molecules have a certain number of carbon-hydrogen bonds. However, molecules that contain other atoms in addition to carbon, hydrogen and oxygen are also often considered organic. A simple compound is a chemical compound containing between two and five elements. It can be represented by a chemical formula with just one main element, for instance by the molecular formula HOH (hydroxy water). The other elements in the compound are usually oxygen, hydrogen or metals. Simple compounds can be divided into two groups: 1) molecular compounds (or substituted compounds) formed only from elements; 2) inorganic compounds (containing an element composed exclusively of covalent bonds). Simple molecules are characterized by the presence of C-C bonds only; they need not contain any heteroatoms outside carbon and hydrogen. For example, HOH is a molecular compound. Polymers are large molecules made up of repeating structural units called monomers. The repeating structural units are known as polymer chains. Polymers may be linear or branched. A polyolefin (polymer composed solely of carbon and hydrogen) is an example of a branching polymer, where the repeat unit is a repeat unit called an olefin molecule, which is the same as the name, but this is used for all olefins (C=C bonds), regardless of their structure (H chemical structure). 86cfa1e7782027
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